Hacker News Digest

1: Hola, I am the first with the following and the other with the following and the other with the following: Hello, I am the first with the following and the other with the following and the other with the following: Hello, I am the first to have the following and the other to have the following: hello, I am the first to have the following and the other to have the following: hello, I am the first to have the following and the other to have the following: hello, I am the first to have the following and the other to have the following: hello, I am the first to have the following and the other to have the following: hello, I am the first to have the following and the other to have the following: hello, I am the first to have the following and the other to have the following: hello, I am the first to have the following and the other to have the following: hello, I am the first to have the following and the other to have the following: hello, I am the first to have the following and the other to have the following: hello, I am the first to have the following and the other to have the following: hello, I am the first to have the following and the other to have the following: hello, I am the first to have the following and the other to have the following: hello, I am the first to have the following and the other to have the following: hello, I am the first to have the following and the other to have the following: hello, I am the first to have the following and the other to have the following: hello, I am the first to have the following and the other to have the following: hello, I am the first to have the following and the other to have the following: hello, I am the first to have the following and the other to have the following: hello, I am the first to have the following and the other to have the following: hello, I am the first to have the following and the other to have the following: hello, I am the first to have the following and the other to have the following: 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• Кнопка аналога на геймпаде PS2 переключает стики между аналоговым режимом и цифровым (округлением до направлений).
• Для поиска надежной PS2 рекомендуют проверенные магазины с гарантией (CEX, Cash Converters), модели slim (более надежны), или поиск на барахолках/в комиссионках.
• Проблемы геймпадов: деградация резинового покрытия (удаляется метанолом/изопропилом), долговечность оригинальных DualShock 2 выше, чем у аналогов.
• Технические нюансы: HDD предпочтительнее CF для PS2 из-за проблем с производительностью CF, эмуляция альтернатива покупке консоли.

AWS S3 достигает экстремальной производительности в 1 петабайт в секунду и 150 миллионов запросов в секунду, несмотря на использование медленных жёстких дисков (HDD). Ключ к масштабированию — дешёвая экономика HDD: их цена за байт упала в 6 миллиардов раз с поправкой на инфляцию, а ёмкость выросла в 7,2 миллиона раз. Однако физические ограничения — механическое движение считывающих головок и скорость вращения пластин (~7200 оборотов в минуту — держат IOPS на уровне всего ~120 на диск уже 30 лет.

Система компенсирует это массовым параллелизмом: десятки миллионов дисков работают вместе, распределяя нагрузку. S3 использует многопользовательскую архитектуру, обеспечивая высокую доступность и долговечность данных при низкой стоимости. Это инженерное чудо, превращающее медленные, но дёшевые компоненты в мощнейший бэкбон современного интернета.

• Обсуждается архитектура AWS S3, включая использование HDD для хранения данных и SSD для метаданных и кеширования, а также применение эратур-кодирования и шардинга для повышения надежности и производительности.
• Поднимается вопрос о том, как S3 достигает высокой пропускной способности благодаря массовому параллелизму миллионов дисков, что позволяет превысить производительность отдельного HDD.
• Участники обсуждают возможные альтернативы S3 для развертывания в homelab или частных облаках, такие как Ceph, MinIO, SeaweedFS, Garage и Gluster, отмечая их особенности и требования к железу.
• Затрагивается экономический аспект: несмотря на падение цен на HDD, стоимость S3 остается стабильной годами, что связывают с недостатком конкуренции и высокой рентабельностью для AWS.
• В комментариях уточняются технические детали, например, расчет среднего времени поиска на диске и использование различных схем шардинга, отличных от упомянутых в исходной статье.